In 2018, faculty from our division participated in a multicenter, observational study that added to growing evidence linking elevated glucose levels in children with type 1 diabetes to changes in brain structure. While the initial findings highlighted these associations, they could not determine how such changes might evolve over time. Now, the research team—including Drs. Tsalikian and Tansey from our division—has completed a long-term follow-up of the original study participants. The results, recently published in the journal Diabetes, are available via PubMed (link here) in abstract form. The follow-up spanned 6 to 8 years and revealed that the previously observed brain differences largely persisted. Although the magnitude of some differences diminished slightly, higher average blood glucose levels continued to correlate with more pronounced structural changes. These findings reinforce the importance of maintaining tight glycemic control to potentially mitigate long-term neurological impacts. As the cohort transitions into adulthood, continued monitoring will be essential to fully understand the long-term implications of these early brain changes.